Elon Musk on Wednesday unveiled a new artificial intelligence project developed jointly by Tesla and the startup xAI that he said could emulate the functions of software companies.
In a post on social media platform X, Musk described the project as “Macrohard” or “Digital Optimus,” a system that pairs xAI’s Grok large language model with a Tesla-developed AI agent capable of observing and interacting with computer interfaces.
The system is designed to combine Grok, which acts as a high-level “navigator,” with an AI agent that processes real-time screen video and keyboard and mouse inputs to carry out software tasks autonomously.
“In principle, it is capable of emulating the function of entire companies. That is why the program is called MACROHARD, a funny reference to Microsoft,” Musk wrote.
Musk has previously argued that software giants such as Microsoft, which focus primarily on software rather than hardware, could theoretically be simulated entirely by AI systems.
Push into agentic AI raises concerns in software industry
The unveiling comes at a time when agentic AI systems capable of autonomously performing computer tasks are drawing increasing attention across the technology industry.
The launch of Anthropic’s Claude Cowork, an AI agent designed to execute a wide range of digital tasks, has already unsettled software investors who fear such tools could disrupt traditional business models built around human software development.
Musk said the Macrohard system would run on Tesla’s in-house AI4 chip combined with Nvidia-based server hardware used by xAI, which he described as a cost-competitive setup.
Records from the US Patent and Trademark Office show that xAI filed a trademark application for “Macrohard” in August 2025.
Musk had earlier hinted at the initiative in a social media post last year, calling it “a purely AI software company” and adding that the name was meant as a tongue-in-cheek reference to Microsoft.
Expanding ambitions across Musk’s companies
The announcement highlights growing integration across Musk’s expanding technology empire.
Tesla agreed in January to invest about $2 billion to acquire shares in xAI as the companies deepen their collaboration on artificial intelligence systems.
Last month, SpaceX acquired xAI in an all-stock deal that valued the rocket maker at $1 trillion and xAI at $250 billion, a move that came ahead of a potential initial public offering for SpaceX later this year.
Musk has said one motivation behind the merger was the development of orbital data centres, which he believes could play a major role in the future AI infrastructure ecosystem.
Analysts say Tesla has increasingly repositioned itself as a “physical AI” company rather than a conventional automaker, while SpaceX is expanding its ambitions beyond rockets and satellites into AI infrastructure.
Rising power demand puts the spotlight on energy
The rapid expansion of AI technologies is also drawing attention to their growing energy needs.
On Tuesday, Tesla and Alphabet, along with companies including Carrier Global, announced the formation of a lobbying group called Utilize aimed at addressing growing electricity demand and rising power costs.
Electricity prices have climbed sharply in recent years, rising 44% since the start of the pandemic and 16% since the launch of ChatGPT in late 2022.
Power-hungry AI data centres have driven electricity demand growth to levels not seen in decades, with the average American household electricity bill rising by more than $500 over the past five years.
“As demand grows, the priority has to be meeting new load without driving up costs for existing customers,” Ellen Zuckerman, head of energy market development for North and South America at Google, said in a statement.
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